cytotoxic effects of various mineral trioxide aggregate formulations, calcium-enriched mixture and a new cement on human pulp stem cells

introduction: this in vitro study compared the cytotoxic effects of three commercially available mta formulations naming proroot mta (pmta), angelus mta (amta), and root mta (rmta), with calcium-enriched mixture (cem) cement and a new nanohybrid mta (nmta) on human dental pulp stem cells (dpsc). methods and materials: four disc-shaped specimens of each material were prepared. after completion of setting, 2 different (neat and 1/2) elutes of the test materials were made. then in each cavity of a 96-well plate, 3000 cells were seeded and incubated in a humidified incubator with 5% co 2 and 95% air at 37 ° c for 24 h. after this period, the culture medium of each well was replaced with 200 μ l of test material elutes. plain culture medium was used as the negative control and distilled water as the positive control group. cell viability was assessed using 2, 5-diphenyl-sh-tetrazelium bromide colorimetric assay, aka mosmann’s tetrazolium toxicity (mtt) assay, at three time intervals (24, 48, and 72 h after mixing). data were analyzed using the anova and tukey’s post hoc test ( p =0.05). results: after 24 h, the viability of cells in neat concentration had no significant differences ( p >0.05) except for the nmta. however, cem and amta, at 1/2 concentration exerted significant proliferative effects on cells. at 48 and 72-h intervals, significant proliferation of dpscs was seen in all samples, except for the nmta which exerted toxic effects on cells. conclusion: all of the three commercial mtas and cem cement showed comparative biocompatibility. however, nmta had cytotoxic effects on dpscs at all the time intervals.